Mayiladuturai (Lok Sabha constituency)

Mayiladuthurai (Tamil: மயிலாடுதுறை, mayilāṭurai), formerly known by its Sanskrit names Māyavaram and Mayūram (English translation: Peacock town) is a town in the Nagapattinam District of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is the headquarters of the Mayiladuthurai taluk of Nagapattinam district and is the second-largest town in the district. Mayiladuthurai is situated at distance of 281 kilometres south-west of Chennai, 70 kilometres north-east of Thanjavur and 50 kilometres north-west of Nagapattinam.
Mayiladuthurai gets its name from the peahen form in which the Hindu goddess Parvathi worshipped the god Shiva at this place. The town is one of the 274 Saiva holy places in the world.
Mayiladuthurai is of considerable antiquity and cultural and religious significance. The town must have originated in the Medieval Chola period though there are suburbs which predate the town itself. Mayiladuthurai was ruled by the Early Cholas, Medieval Cholas, Later Cholas, Pandyas, the Vijayanagar Empire, Thanjavur Nayaks and the Thanjavur Marathas before it was annexed by the British East India Company along with the rest of the Thanjavur Maratha kingdom in 1799. It rose to be an important town during British rule when it formed a part of Tanjore district. The town was constituted as a grade III municipality in the year 1866. Currently, Mayiladuthurai forms a grade I municipality.
The town is situated on a flat plain on the banks of the Kaveri River and is surrounded by paddy fields. The town is situated on the northern border of the Chola Nadu region of Tamil Nadu.

Assembly segments

Mayiladuturai Lok Sabha constituency is composed of the following assembly segments:

1. Sirkali (SC)
2. Poompuhar
3. Mayiladuturai
4. Kumbakonam
5. Thiruvidamaradur
6. Papanasam

Members of the Parliament

Eight	1984-89	E.S.M. Packeer Mohamed	Indian National Congress
Ninth	1989-91	E.S.M. Packeer Mohamed	Indian National Congress
Tenth	1991-96	Mani Shankar Aiyar	Indian National Congress
Elewenth	1996-98	P.V. Rajendran	Tamil Maanila Congress
Twelfth	1998-99	K. Krishnamoorthy	Tamil Maanila Congress
Thirteenth	1999-04	Mani Shankar Aiyar	Indian National Congress
Fourteenth	2004-2009	Mani Shankar Aiyar	Indian National Congress
Fifteenth	2009-	O S Manian	Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam

Nagapattinam

Nagapattinam (Tamil: நாகப்பட்டினம் (nākappaṭṭinam) (previously spelt Nagapatnam or Negapatam) is a town in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu and the administrative headquarters of Nagapattinam District. It is a prominent seaport on the east coast of India and an important centre of trade and commerce.
The town of Nagapattinam dates back to the Sangam period. The Chudamani Vihara in Nagapattinam was constructed by the Medieval Cholas. Nagapattinam was settled by the Portuguese and later, the Dutch under whom it served as the capital of Dutch Coromandel from 1660 to 1781. In November 1781, Nagapattinam was conquered by the British East India Company. It served as the capital of Tanjore district from 1799 to 1845. In 1991, it became the capital of the newly-created Nagapattinam District. The town was severely damaged by the Indian Ocean Tsunami of 2004.
Sea-borne trade and fishing are the major sources of income for the town. There are also a number of pilgrimage sites and tourist destinations, notable amongst them being Sikkal Singaravelan Temple, Basilica of Our Lady of Good Health, the Nagore Dargah and Puhar.

Administration

Nagapattinam District was formerly a part of Thanjavur District. The district boundary is shared by Tiruvarur, Karaikal, Tanjore and Cuddalore districts. Its population at the 2001 Census was nearly 1.5 million. It is divided into seven taluks. All but two of them are coastal, and all are named after their main towns, which are their administrative centres. From north to south, they are Sirkazhi, Tharangambadi, Mayiladuthurai (non-coastal), Nagapattinam, Kilvelur, Thirukkuvalai (non-coastal), and Vedaranyam. It is bordered on the east by the Bay of Bengal and on the south by the Palk Strait. On the coast between Tharamgambadi and Nagapattinam lies the small district of Karaikal, an enclave belonging administratively to the Pondicherry Union Territory.
This is the only district in Tamil Nadu to be formed out of two disjoint regions. The district headquarters Nagapattinam is located in the southern part which is less populated than the northern one. But people from the most populous northern part have to come down all the way to headquarters either by entering other district (Thiruvarur) or other Union territory (Karaikal of Puducherry) for any official purposes. Though this causes a lot of problems to the locals government is seeming unconcerned about it.

Location

The District of Nagapattinam lies on the shores of the Bay of Bengal between Northern Latitude 10.7906 degrees and 79.8428 Degrees Eastern Longitude an area of 2715. Velankanni is tourism place of Tamil Nadu 83 Square kilometers in its fold. The District capital, Nagapattinam lies on the eastern coast, 350 kilometers down south of the State capital Chennai andof Tiruchirappalli.

Geography

Destinations from Nagapattinam

	Thanjavur	Cuddalore, Karaikal, Thirukkalachery	Bay of Bengal
	Tiruvarur		Bay of Bengal
		Nagapattinam
	Tiruvarur	Bay of Bengal	Bay of Bengal